A tree data structure is a hierarchical structure that is used to represent and organize data in a way that is easy to navigate and search. It is a collection of nodes that are connected by edges and has a hierarchical relationship between the nodes.
Representation of Tree Data Structure -->
Tree is considered a non-linear data structure. The data in a tree are not stored in a sequential manner i.e, they are not stored linearly. Instead, they are arranged on multiple levels or we can say it is a hierarchical structure. For this reason, the tree is considered to be a non-linear data structure.
BINARY TREE -->
Binary Tree is defined as a tree data structure where each node has at most 2 children. Since each element in a binary tree can have only 2 children, we typically name them the left and right child.
BINARY TREE REPRESENTATION -->
A Binary tree is represented by a pointer to the topmost node (commonly known as the “root”) of the tree. If the tree is empty, then the value of the root is NULL. Each node of a Binary Tree contains the following parts :
1. Data
2. Pointer to left child
3. Pointer to right child
IMPLEMENTATION OF TREE(BINARY TREE) IN PYTHON ->
We create a tree data structure in python by using the concept of node discussed earlier. We designate one node as root node and then add more nodes as child nodes.
CREATING ROOT -->
We just create a Node class and add assign a value to the node. This becomes tree with only a root node.
When the above code executes it gives the result as shown:
25
INSERTING INTO TREE -->
To insert into a tree we use the same node class created above and add an insert method to it. Here we are creating a Binary Search Tree.
A binary search tree is a rooted binary tree in which the nodes are arranged in strict total order in which the nodes with keys greater than any particular node is stored on the right sub-trees and the ones with equal to or less than are stored on the left sub-tree satisfying the binary search property.
The insert method compares the value of the node to the parent node and decides to add it as a left node or a right node. Finally, the printTree method is used to print the tree.
The code when executes gives the result -->
The output result is given as :
[5,12,45,58,100]
In this way we can implement a Tree Data structure in Python.